Vestibular responses have been reported in the parietoinsular vestibular cortex (PIVC), the ventral intraparietal area (VIP), and the dorsal medial superior temporal area (MSTd) of macaques. 
The ventral intraparietal area (VIP) of the macaque monkey brain is a multimodal area with visual, vestibular, somatosensory, and eye movement-related responses.
Extracellular recordings in the macaque monkey showed that during steady fixation the visual, auditory and tactile spatial representations in the ventral intraparietal area (VIP) are congruent.
We investigated the neural bases of this tactile remapping mechanism in humans by disrupting neural activity in the putative human homolog of the monkey ventral intraparietal area (hVIP), within the right posterior parietal cortex (rPPC), which is thought to house external spatial representations.
In terms of brain activity, viewing touch was related with an enhanced activity in the ventral intraparietal area. The ventral intraparietal area might remap visual information about touch onto tactile processing.
The ventral intraparietal area (VIP) of the macaque monkey is thought to be involved in judging heading direction based on optic flow.
Current physiologically inspired models of numerical classification assume discriminations are made via a labeled line code of neurons selectively tuned for numerosity, a pattern observed in the firing rates of neurons in the ventral intraparietal area (VIP) of the macaque.
We first searched for parietal visuotactile bimodal neurons in the ventral intraparietal area and area 7b of monkeys, and then examined the activity of these neurons while monkeys were observing visual or tactile stimuli placed on the experimenter's body parts.
Further processing including the combination of retinal image motion signals with extra-retinal signals such as the ongoing eye and head movement occurs in subsequent cortical areas as the medial superior temporal area, the ventral intraparietal area and the frontal and supplementary eye field.
The cortical substrates for heading perception include the medial superior temporal area (MST) and the ventral intraparietal area (VIP).
The function, connectivity, and anatomical neighborhood of mPPC imply several parallels to monkey ventral intraparietal area (VIP)..
By contrast, mainly peripheral field representations of V4 are connected with occipitoparietal areas DP (dorsal prelunate area), VIP (ventral intraparietal area), LIP (lateral intraparietal area), PIP (posterior intraparietal area), parieto-occipital area, and MST (medial STS area), and parahippocampal area TF (cytoarchitectonic area TF on the parahippocampal gyrus).
For example, the macaque ventral intraparietal area (VIP) is involved in head movements and is selective for motion in near-space around the head.
The goal of this study was to characterize multisensory interaction patterns in cortical ventral intraparietal area (VIP).
These areas are the ventral intraparietal area (VIP) and a polysensory zone in the precentral gyrus (PZ).
These areas are the ventral intraparietal area (VIP) and a polysensory zone in the precentral gyrus (PZ).
We review here the latest evidence for the existence of the IPS areas AIP (anterior intraparietal area), VIP (ventral intraparietal area), MIP (medial intraparietal area), LIP (lateral intraparietal area) and CIP (caudal intraparietal area) in macaques, and discuss putative human equivalents as assessed with functional magnetic resonance imaging.
The ventral intraparietal area (VIP) receives converging inputs from visual, somatosensory, auditory and vestibular systems that use diverse reference frames to encode sensory information.
One substructure within human and macaque PPC is the ventral intraparietal area (VIP), known to represent visual, vestibular, and tactile signals.
the ventral intraparietal area..
To determine whether self-motion is systematically organized in the ventral intraparietal area (VIP), we made long electrode penetrations, recording both multi-unit and single-unit tuning for horizontally varying heading stimuli at frequent intervals.
The ventral intraparietal area (VIP) is a multimodal parietal area, where visual responses are brisk, directional, and typically selective for complex optic flow patterns.
We quantified neuronal responses in the ventral intraparietal area and the medial intraparietal area of awake head-fixed macaque monkeys during classical vestibular sinusoidal stimulation protocols and with a newly developed random vestibular testing paradigm.
One of the functional subregions within the PPC, the ventral intraparietal area (VIP), is thought to play an important role for the multisensory encoding of self- and object motion.
Electrical stimulation of two connected cortical areas in the monkey brain, the ventral intraparietal area (VIP) in the intraparietal sulcus and the polysensory zone (PZ) in the precentral gyrus, evokes a specific set of movements.
Most neurons in the ventral intraparietal area (VIP) of the macaque brain respond to both visual and tactile stimuli.
The macaque ventral intraparietal area (VIP) has recently been shown to be involved in the processing of self-motion information provided by optical flow, to contain multimodal neurons and to receive input from areas involved in the analysis of vestibular information.
We investigated the contribution of the lateral intraparietal area (LIP) to the selection of saccadic eye movement targets and to saccade execution using muscimol-induced reversible inactivation and compared those effects with inactivation of the adjacent ventral intraparietal area (VIP) and with sham injections of saline into LIP.
Parietal cortical areas are thought to play an important role in this function, and we have thus studied the encoding of multimodal signals and their spatiotemporal interactions in the ventral intraparietal area of macaque monkeys.
We recorded neuronal responses to optic flow stimuli in the ventral intraparietal area (VIP) of two awake macaque monkeys.
The ventral intraparietal area (VIP) is located at the end of the dorsal stream. How fast are directionally selective responses evoked in the ventral intraparietal area after viewing optic flow patterns, and what are the temporal properties of these neuronal responses? To examine these questions, we recorded the activity of 37 directionally selective ventral intraparietal area (VIP) neurons in two awake macaque monkeys in response to optic flow stimuli with presentation times ranging from 17 ms to 2000 ms.
Additional projections to PMd arise from the ventral intraparietal area and the inferior parietal lobule.
One such functionally specialized area is the ventral intraparietal area (VIP).
Irrespective of whether injections were made in the centre or periphery, area V6 showed reciprocal connections with areas V1, V2, V3, V3A, V4T, the middle temporal area /V5 (MT/V5), the medial superior temporal area (MST), the medial intraparietal area (MIP), the ventral intraparietal area (VIP), the ventral part of the lateral intraparietal area and the ventral part of area V6A (V6AV).
Injections centered in the ventral intraparietal area (VIP) revealed a complex pattern of inputs from numerous visual, somatosensory, motor, and polysensory areas, and from presumed vestibular- and auditory-related areas.
This includes four newly identified zones: a heavily myelinated lateral occipitoparietal zone, termed LOP; a strongly SMI-32 immunoreactive zone termed 7t (near the tip of the IPS); plus medial and lateral subdivisions (VIPm and VIPl) of ventral intraparietal area (VIP), which was previously regarded as an anatomically homogeneous area.
Two functionally different cortical areas are located in the rostral part of the intraparietal sulcus (IP): the ventral intraparietal area (VIP), along the fundus of the sulcus, and the anterior intraparietal area (AIP), rostral in the lateral bank.
In a previous report, we described the visual response properties in the ventral intraparietal area (area VIP) of the awake macaque.
Here we show that in a subdivision of the monkey parietal lobe, the ventral intraparietal area (VIP), the activity of visual neurons is modulated by eye-position signals, as in many other areas of the cortical visual system.
MST neurons project to the ventral intraparietal area (VIP) and the question arises whether VIP neurons are responsive to rotation in depth as well.
Both V3 and VP have major connections with areas V2, V3A, posterior intraparietal area (PIP), V4, middle temporal area (MT), medial superior temporal area (dorsal) (MSTd), and ventral intraparietal area (VIP).
Neurons in the ventral intraparietal area (VIP) are known to respond to translating random dot patterns.
Projections from sFEF terminated in the lateral intraparietal area (LIP), the ventral intraparietal area (VIP), and the parietal part of visual area V3A, in the fundus of the superior temporal visual area (FST), the middle temporal area (MT), the medial superior temporal area (MST), the temporal part of visual area V4, the inferior temporal area (IT), and the temporal-occipital area (TEO) and in occipital visual areas V2, V3, and V4.
We call this area the physiologically defined ventral intraparietal area, or VIP.
Both the inferior and dorsal FEF also had extensive reciprocal connections with the ventral intraparietal area (VIP; Maunsell & Van Essen, 1983a) in the caudal bank of the intraparietal sulcus.
In addition, MT has reciprocal connections with two previously unidentified cortical areas, which we have designated the medial superior temporal area (MST) and the ventral intraparietal area (VIP).
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